type="main" xml:lang="en" <p>The implication of increasing dependency ratios for pay–as–you–go, defined–benefit pension programmes are examined. Modifications aimed at smoothing contributions while maintaining benefits intact are analysed for both open and closed economies. <p>(J.E.L.: H2, F3,...</p></p>

The impact of inflation on taxpayers’ liabilities can be measured in at least two different and often contrasting ways. On the one hand, it can be measured by the percentage increases in the average tax rates. On the other hand, it can be measured by the percentage points, that is the...

The impact of inflation on taxpayers’ liabilities can be measured in at least two different and often contrasting ways. On the one hand, it can be measured by the percentage increases in the average tax rates. On the other hand, it can be measured by the percentage points, that is the...

In this paper we examine the impact of public spending, education, and institutions on income distribution in advanced economies. We also assess the efficiency of public spending in redistributing income by using a DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) nonparametric approach. We find that public...

Over its existence the IMF has been an instrument with multiple objectives. The main objectives have been (a) surveillance over countries' economic policies; (b) occasional provision of financial resources for countries undergoing adjustment under a Fund-supported program; (c) technical...

[fre] Nous avons assisté pendant la dernière décennie à ce qui constitue certainement la plus importante expérience économique de ce siècle. La plupart des pays socialistes dotés d’une économie à planification centrale ont entamé un processus de changement visant à les transformer...

[fre] Les réformes fiscales en dix années de transition . Nous avons assisté pendant la dernière décennie à ce qui constitue certainement la plus importante expérience économique de ce siècle. La plupart des pays socialistes dotés d’une économie à planification centrale ont entamé...