Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the banking crisis in the USA and Western Europe that began in August 2007 spilled over to the currencies of the EU‐8 such that it could be viewed as financial contagion. The currencies of the EU‐8 which the paper aims to study are...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the banking crisis in the USA and Western Europe that began in August 2007 precipitated a change in the relationship between the currencies of the Baltic States and the Euro, such that it could be described as shift contagion. The paper...

A survey was undertaken to identify the ways in which small businesses in Lincolnshire used public relations. For many of the 51 activities, techniques and skills examined, it is found that only a minority of small firms practise them. Analysis of the results of the survey highlight an...

Purpose – The purpose of this conceptual paper is to address the current debate about the role of business and marketing education. Should marketing courses be pragmatic and professional, geared towards practical knowledge of necessary tools and techniques; or should they be academic and...

Transport And The Environment -- Contents -- The Impact of Aviation on Climate -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Aircraft Emission -- 3 Radiative Forcing and Climate Change -- 4 Aviation's Impact on Radiative Forcing and Climate Change -- 5 Reducing the Impacts -- 6 Conclusions -- 7 Acknowledgements --...