Kazakhstan's government has used oil revenues to promote economic diversification, including a billion dollar 2003–2005 Agriculture and Food Program to reverse the 1990s decline in agricultural output. This paper provides estimates of producer support equivalents for the main agricultural...

For the Central Asian countries the dissolution of the Soviet Union led to economic disintegration as old coordination mechanisms disappeared and new national borders appeared. This paper analyses why it has been difficult to coordinate aid for regional cooperation projects (e.g., on the Aral...

Regionalization of trade in East Asia increased in the 1990s, and has been accompanied by a growing number of trade agreements. The wave of trade agreements is in part a response to the need to facilitate trade in order to make regional value chains more profitable. This paper draws on a rich...