Die für 2019 geplante europäische Kapitalmarktunion zielt auf eine vertiefte Integration der Kapitalmärkte der EU-Mitgliedsländer ab. Sie knüpft sowohl am Binnenmarkt als auch an der im Zuge der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise geschaffene Bankenunion an. Als Argumente für die...

This paper is to examine the stock markets role in the capital formation in Pakistan from the period 1st January 2001 to 31st December 2008. This analytical study is based on the data collected from the secondary sources such as State Bank of Pakistan and three stock exchanges; Karachi, Lahore...

The conflict between economic growth and keeping greenhouse gases (GHG) at controllable levels is one of the ultimate challenges of this century. The aim of Kyoto Protocol is to keep the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) below a certain threshold level. The purpose of this paper is to study the...

Die deutsche Energiepolitik verfolgt zwei wesentliche Ziele, zum einen die Abkehr vom Atomstrom (Energiewende), zum anderen den Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien, um für das Klima gefährliche Treibhausgase einzusparen. Dabei kommen unterschiedliche Instrumente zum Einsatz, die sich teilweise...

The dramatic impact of the 2008 crisis on the Italian economy led to policy responses including structural reforms and labour market liberalisation to reverse the worrisome output and employment trends. A key action by the Italian government, the evocatively named Jobs Act of 2014, has deeply...

The European Structural and Investment Funds make up more than 40% of the EU budget and are thereby the EU’s most important financial support to growth, employment, investment and structural change. The funds are programmed for (overlapping) seven-year periods, and all programmes for the new...

There is a direct physical relationship between the quantity of raw materials used in industrial processes, the energy required and, hence, GHG emissions. The latter are emitted in all stages of the product lifecycle: extraction, production, consumption and waste management.

Die Dresdner Niederlassung des ifo Instituts hat in einem Gutachten für das Sächsische Staatsministe - rium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit die Frage untersucht, durch welche Maßnahmen ein Abbau der Arbeitslosigkeit durch öffentlich geförderte Beschäftigung erzielt werden kann, ohne der...

In this paper, I assess whether earnings-dependent maternity leave positively impacts fertility and narrows the baby gap between highly educated (high-earning) and less-educated (low-earning) women. I exploit a major maternity leave benefit reform in Germany that considerably increased the...