:127-140, 1996) point out that the allocation of pollution rights to firms may hinder their willingness to undertake uncertain R …

required to internalize global environmental externalities. Therefore we adopt a dynamic framework of two economies (i … international environmental externalities - both are empirically significant. Starting from noncooperation we investigate the … patent markets, knowledge spillovers are already internalized to a huge extent. For the output-induced pollution …

river in which net emissions accumulate and induce negative externalities to downstream riparians. Assuming a cooperative …

We consider international negotiations on the level of global pollution, and examine the Lindahl solution which … determines the distribution of the pollution permits with unanimous agreement. We show various properties to clarify difficulties …