Large chocolate manufacturers have committed themselves to only using certifiedcocoa beans and some governments want to increase the share of certified cocoaproducts consumed in their countries. Thus, Voluntary Sustainability Standards(VSSs) become quasi-mandatory for cocoa producers and...

Due to the importance of cocoa in the food industry, there is a greater need to transport this commodity with fewer rejections and damage to quality. Growing in the tropical areas of the world, cocoa beans travel a considerable distance to their main importing destinations located in North...

An estimated 80,000-100,000 Dominican farmers produce coffee and cocoa, nearly 40 percent of all agricultural producers. The sectors also provide employment for tens of thousands of field laborers and persons employed in linked economic activities. The majority of coffee and cocoa producers are...

"Avec une poignée d'autres produits agricoles comme le café, la banane ou le sucre, le cacao est un produit emblématique de la mondialisation, mais aussi d'une évolution culturelle qui a vu naître de nouveaux modèles de consommation : cette denrée « exotique », aux conditions de...

This paper explores competitiveness of Cote d'Ivoire's economy over a long period of 1960-2003 and its link with cocoa prices. The main conclusions are as follows.First, using four measures of real effective exchange rate (REER) for the 1960-2002 period, we track the evolution of REER and...

In the new millennium, the soaring economic growth in Asia and Africa, the increase of world trade, and globalization have boosted the global demand for cocoa. However, world cocoa supply could barely keep up with demand. These processes triggered a high volatility in global cocoa prices....

An estimated 80,000-100,000 Dominican farmers produce coffee and cocoa, nearly 40 percent of all agricultural producers. The sectors also provide employment for tens of thousands of field laborers and persons employed in linked economic activities. The majority of coffee and cocoa producers are...