Determining a premium for an insured person in an insurance company takes under consideration many factors, such as the size and profitability of the insurance company. By standard insurance theory, the total premium is given by p 3 σ/√n when n is the number of assured members, p is the net...

This article provides natural hedging strategies for life insurance and annuity businesses written on a single generation or on different generations in the presence of both longevity and interest-rate risks. We obtain closed-form solutions for delta and gamma hedges against cohort-based...

Premiums and benefits associated with traditional life insurance contracts are usually specified as fixed amounts in policy conditions. However, reserve-dependent surrender values and reserve-dependent expenses are common in insurance practice. The famous Cantelli theorem in life insurance...