An explanation is given why communist economies usually react smoothly but sometimes very dramatically to seemingly minor changes in the political and economic environment. In this paper such dramatic reactions materialize in a sudden clamp-down on individual freedom and sudden economic...

In situations where the traditional instruments of trade policy are not available, protection for import-competing industries can be given only indirectly. One of the candidates of giving indirect subsidies is environmental regulation. The competitiveness of a domestic industry can be improved...

This paper discusses the possible nature of a transformation crisis. The major point is that the institutional void which the collapse of socialism has left behind is a major cause of the slump. The wealth of developed economies, be they socialist or capitalist, springs from a complicated...

In this paper redistribution policy is analyzed in a 2-period overlapping generations model with heterogeneous individuals and asymmetric information between the government and the private sector. Individuals of the same generation differ with respect to their labor productivity. In each period,...

Komplexe Aktien- und Wechselkurstrajektorien werden im Rahmen eines nichtlinearen dynamischen makroökonomischen Modells mit träger Outputanpassung am Gütermarkt und heterogener Erwartungsbildung auf den Assetmärkten abgeleitet. Die Implikationen des Aufeinandertreffens von Chartisten und...

In providing precautionary incentives and allocating environmental risk, liability for environmental damages faces two difficulties: randomness of damages incurred and nonobservability of precautionary measures. Hence, a major obstacle in enforcing legal claims is the difficulty of proving...

Two theoretical modeis are developed. One describes the behavior of monetary policy before elections, in case of policy instruments being controlled by the government. The other one discusses the effects of a change in the ruling party, if parties differ in the weight they attribute to Inflation...

This paper sets up an economic geography model to show the endogenous forces that determine the degree of industry concentration in the course of economic development. The model includes centrifugal forces, such as home market effects and access to intermediate suppliers, and centripetal forces,...