In this paper the inter-temporal analysis of the case law is employed to depict the trajectory of changes leading to high amount settlements for financial corporate crimes serving as a substitute for criminal prosecution and sentencing. Placed in conjunction with statutory review of historic...

This article offers an overview of and commentary on the US approach to corporate prosecution and punishment. Though the United States purports to have a vigorous system of corporate criminal law enforcement, one could reasonably ask whether that system actually takes corporate crime seriously....

This article examines how the ‘essentiality’ requirement can limit the exercise of the EU’s criminal law competence under Article 83(2) TFEU. Building on criminological research, and contextual and principled considerations, it argues for an evidence-based approach to the...

This paper contains the chapters on public enforcement of law and on criminal law from a general, forthcoming book, Foundations of Economic Analysis of Law (Harvard University Press, 2003). By public law enforcement is meant the use of public law enforcement agents -- such as police, tax...