A common claim is that home ownership is a good deal because the housing services it provides are untaxed. My simple point is that the property tax paid by a homeowner is in effect an annual tax on housing services. It is an income tax when the homeowner rents the house to somebody else. It's a...

The present paper investigates whether the decentralization of the rural land property tax (ITR) in Brazil increases the aggregate volume of tax collection from this source. We apply a difference-in-differences strategy where treatment is defined as the switch from a federal administration to...

GPT-4 performs vastly better than ChatGPT or GPT-3.5 on legal tasks like the bar exam and statutory reasoning. To test GPT-4’s abilities, we ran it on our final exams this semester and graded its output alongside students’ exams. We found that it produced smoothly written answers that failed...