The cooperative sector in Belgium has always been very much linked to other social movements. In the 1990s the backbone of the sector, namely the cooperative banks, have undergone major transformations. In this article, the two most important cooperative financial holdings that were created to...

We study how the import of older and more polluting technologies alters the relationship between output and environmental quality in developing countries within a vintage capital framework. Our results show that old technologies prolong the period until which pollution may eventually decrease...

As we suggested in a previous work (Borghesi and Vercelli, Sustainable globalisation, Ecological Economics, vol.44, n.1, 2003), the process of globalisation affects the sustainability of development mainly through three channels: economic growth, inequality and environmental degradation. This...

To speak of rethinking the mission of the agricultural support system is no easy task. It has already played crucial roles in Asia’s recent agricultural development. This paper is designed to determine the challenges to sustainable development and what poverty alleviation might mean for the...

Equal treatment for the present and the future was required in two axioms for sustainable development introduced by the author. This article shows that the two axioms are equivalent to awareness of physical limits in the long run future. We prove that two optimization problems are equivalent :...

“The human development” concept was born in a period characterized by an important number of events that have caused important changes of the geo-political factors as well as essential mutations at economic and social level. This period is known as the “post-war era”. In this era, the...

Without the sustainable utilization of the natural resources in the Danube Delta, the ecological support endorsing the activities determined by these resources fails irreversibly, jeopardizing even their running. This paper introduces a model of sustainable utilization of the fishing resources...

The education for sustainable development assists people and community to critically examine the technologies, the production economic systems, the cultural systems, the legislation, polices, the ideas they currently use in order to live in harmony with nature. It assists in reflecting and...

The concept of rural tourism has become important round the globe at present. It is thought that rural tourism can revitalise the conventional concepts and views on tourism, and bring in a new dimension in the sustainable development of tourism. It has been realised that society based tourism...

This paper proposes a new welfare criterion which satisfies three desiderata: strong sensitivity to the least advantaged, sensitivity to the present, and sensitivity to the future. We develop necessary conditions for optimal paths under this new criterion, and demonstrate that, in a familiar...