Collective bargaining has come under renewed scrutiny, especially in Southern European countries, which rely predominantly on sectoral bargaining supported by administrative extensions of collective agreements. Following the global financial crisis, some of these countries have implemented...

The U.S. recession which began in the fall of 2007 continues to severely affect many organizations in the private and public sectors. Many governmental entities and unions have been forced to negotiate during period of stagnant or declining tax revenues combined with continuously rising health...

We propose a formal concept of the power of voice in the context of a simple model where individuals form groups and trade in competitive markets. Individuals use outside options in two different ways. Actual outside options reflect the possibility to exit or to join other existing groups....