A lion's share of global investments is likely being conducted for tax avoidance purposes via controlled foreign companies (CFC) which are established in tax havens or low tax jurisdictions. Avoiding tax via CFCs causes several problems, in particular it: (i) leads to unfair and unbalance...

As a result of the OECD/G20 project on base erosion profit shifting as well as the adoption of the EU anti-tax avoidance directive, many countries have recently introduced or strengthened general anti-avoidance rules (GAARs) in their tax treaties and domestic tax legislations. Arguably, such...

There is no precise definition to date of either tax aggressiveness or tax risk (Blouin, 2014). Accordingly, I model tax avoidance (tax planning) activity as corresponding to a gray-area continuum with endpoints representing transactions with certain tax treatments. As a modeling innovation –...

This article examines an influential set of articles, written by Professor John Tiley in the late 1980s, about anti-avoidance doctrines developed by US courts. The trilogy of articles was written for a British audience, as part of Tiley's efforts to resist importation of US doctrines...

This paper discusses the Netherlands statutory General Anti Avoidance Rule (GAAR), richtige heffing and the GAAR which was developed in case law: fraus legis. It also discusses the relation with special anti avoidance rules and with tax treaties and EU law. Finally the paper discusses...

In 2011 a Committee comprising representatives of the New Zealand Law Society, the New Zealand Institute of Chartered Accountants and an organisation called the Corporate Taxpayers Group published a Report proposing that the General Anti-Avoidance Rule or GAAR contained in ss BG 1 and GA 1 of...

“Much of the black economy in India is like digging holes and filling them. One digs a hole during the day and another fills it up at night. The next day, there is zero output but two salaries are paid.”India has lost more than $14.3 billion annually in illicit financial flow during the past...

There are certain members of the life insurance industry that are in perpetual pursuit of the ultimate potential driver of life insurance sales-tax-deductible life insurance premiums. Some in this industry have previously used aggressive retirement plan funding, and numerous other tax vehicles...

In both Australia and the U.S., the tax anti-avoidance law has evolved to include two common doctrinal components. One component requires evidence of taxpayers' tax avoidance purpose. The other component protects transactions clearly contemplated by the tax statute against charges of tax...

In October 2015, the OECD/G20 presented their final report on the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project. This article presents a unique analysis of the OECD/G20's recommendation on Action 4 by utilising tax optimisation modelling to simulate and examine a hypothetical multinational...