This paper examines the relationship between unemployment, real oil price and real interest rates in Canada. Instead of … following the classical approach based on I(0) stationarity or I(1) cointegrating relationships, we use fractional integration/cointegration … three variables are I(1). But we only find cointegration in the presence of autocorrelated disturbances, which means that …

in open economy macroeconomics, its empirical evidence, particularly when cointegration methods are used, is rather mixed … Johansen tests for presence of cointegration. However, it could not found empirical support in favour of the above relationship …

. However, empirical support for the relationship, especially when cointegration-based methods are used, is rather weak. In this … first clarify the logic of applying cointegration methods to the RERI and propose an alternative way of testing the …

first clarify the logic of applying cointegration methods to the RERI and propose an alternative way of testing the …