This paper assesses the impact of European rail transport regulation in the past 25 years. It highlights competition as a necessary condition to overcome the inertia of legacy railway operators, but argues that competition is not sufficient to increase efficiency when they feel protected by the...

This policy brief explores the implications of Open RAN concept and its technical and political developments in the mobile network industry. Open RAN is not necessarily a new technology in itself, but represents a combination of existing technologies, e.g. virtualisation, AI, commercial...

During the Covid-19 pandemic, Europe has benefitted strongly from being an open economy that can access goods and services from other parts of the world. Paradoxically, some politicians in Europe think that dependence on foreign supplies reduced the resilience of our economy - and argue that...

There isn't one model for success in the digital future; there are many. Europe is now debating what policies that could help to power entrepreneurship and growth in Europe's economy, and some are arguing that Europe should make itself technologically sovereign - independent from the big...

This Policy Brief takes stock of the EU Trade Policy Review - the Commission's proposed strategy for trade. Despite appearances, the Review doesn't come close to its billing as a strategy for the new geopolitics of trade. In fact, the Review is weak on key geopolitical developments and rather...

This paper concerns China's market for medical technologies and how the Chinese state is assisting its own companies to gain greater sales at the expense of producers from Europe and other advanced manufacturing economies. The medical technology sector captures a variety of products, services...

The European Union faces the twin crises of Covid-19 and climate change. Confronting both crises leads to an unprecedented demand on public resources which in turn leads to the question of how to raise the required funds a) without jeopardising a weak economy recovering from the pandemic and b)...

Dieser Beitrag illustriert theoretische Argumente zu den Charakteristika vergangener und gegenwärtiger Globalisierungsprozesse am Beispiel des (ehemaligen) MAN-Produktionsstandortes Steyr. Dabei wird gezeigt, wie sich allgemeine Dynamiken verstärkter internationaler Eigentumskonzentration und...

The German change of attitude concerning fiscal policy and the mutualisation of efforts to fight the pandemic is driven by self-interest, and as such might be structural.