whether the lack of economic growth is caused by the lack of enterprise restructuring. Complicating the debate in Russia is … demonstrating why the virtual economy model fails to accurately depict economic actions or outcomes in Russia. We develop the … argument that barter is closely related to an absence of liquidity in the Russian economy, using both macro-level and micro …

This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of non-monetary transactions in Russia, drawing on a large enterprise … survey. We show that barter and offsets are linked to liquidity problems at the level of the firm and to arrears in …

This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of non-monetary transactions in Russia, drawing on a large enterprise … survey. We show that barter and offsets are linked to liquidity problems at the level of the firm and to arrears in …

This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of non-monetary transactions in Russia, drawing on a large enterprise … survey. We show that barter and offsets are linked to liquidity problems at the level of the firm and to arrears in …