bimetallism, id est, a near-universal fixed exchange rate system in which (mostly) France stabilized the exchange value between … France, which would have severed the link between gold and silver currencies. Without reform, Germany would thus have risked … accommodation, however. Victory in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870/71 allowed Germany to force accommodation, but only until France …

We reinterpret the commonly held view in the U.S. that France, by following a policy from 1965 to 1968 of deliberately … interwar period and the French Plan of 1943. France used proposals to return to an orthodox gold standard as well as …

U.K., Japan, France and Germany with respect to the United States is conducted. The resulting conclusion is that real …