While adoption of new technologies is understood to enhance long-term growth and average per-capita incomes, its impact on lower-skilled workers is more complex and merits clarification. Concerns abound that advanced technologies developed in high-income countries would inexorably lead to job...

Brazil approaches its 2018 election with an economy that is gradually recovering from the deepest recession in its recent economic history. However, for many Brazilians, the recovery has not yet translated into new and better jobs, or rising incomes. This book explores the drivers of future...

The paper investigates the strength of innovation-driven employment growth, the role of competition in stimulating and facilitating it, and whether it is inclusive. In a sample of more than 26,000 manufacturing establishments across 71 countries (both OECD and developing), the authors find that...

This paper assembles novel data on the Chilean wine industry to investigate the role of investments in knowledge capital on sales growth in domestic and international markets. The study uses archival data collected from the Government of Chile to compile and categorize public expenditures and...

This paper is a study of the effect of Brazil's staggered Internet rollout between 2000 and 2014 on municipality employment and wages. The study uses a new, annual data set on Internet availability from the Brazil school census, with the assumption that the share of schools that have Internet...

This paper examines Brazil's position in research, technology transfer and innovation activities relative to peer economies and a selected group of developed countries. It reviews the governance of the research and innovation systems, the current policy landscape, and the results achieved by...

India's recent growth rate has been impressive, with real GDP rising by over 8 percent a year since 2004. The country is also becoming a top global innovator for high-tech products and services. Still, India is underperforming relative to its innovation potential. Even a dynamic young...

The focus of this paper is on policies that ought to support productivity, output and employment growth. This support can be direct and indirect, targeted to specific sectors or types of firms or wide ranging. The presence of externalities is the main theoretical justification for deviating from...

Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Contributors -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Key Messages -- The Foundations of Economic Transformation through Digital Technologies -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1 Enabling Inclusive Digital...