This paper shows how to value investment projects involving capitalization of interest costs by using the standard WACC method. Whenever capitalized interest costs do not immediately generate proportionate tax shields, one of the assumptions that justify the use of the after-tax weighted average...

As oil refining is a multiproduct industrial activity, there are innumerable ways to allocate a refinery's CO2 emissions among the various refined products. The linear-programming models used to manage refineries may serve to compute the marginal contribution of each finished product to the CO2...

The starting point of this article deals with an applied problem of capital budgeting that a firm whose projects are subject to various tax rates (as is often the case in the oil industry) may encounter: how to value a project partly financed by borrowing and subject to a different tax rate from...

According to the standard analysis of commodity prices, stockpiling is a necessary signature of speculation. This paper develops an approach suggesting that speculation may temporarily push crude oil prices above the level justified by physical-market fundamentals, without necessarily resulting...