Economics deals with the allocation of scarce resources in a society with unlimited desires. When resources become scarce, people face difficult choices. This general concept holds true in the field of drug addiction treatment as well. Since drug use and its consequences are associated with...

This article argues that key aspects of drug policy, such as decisions about which substances to forbid and choices between incarceration and treatment of drug offenders, should devolve to state and local governments. It is contended that current policy is largely ineffective and may actually...

Introduction -- Literature Review -- An Overview of Recreational Drug Consumption in Australia -- Modelling Consumption of Individual Drugs -- Modelling Multiple Drug Use using a Multivariate Approach -- Modelling Alcohol Consumption by Levels using an Ordered Generalised Extreme Value (OGEV)...

Metabolic conversion of drugs to chemically reactive products, known as bioactivation, is considered to underlie the adverse drug reactions such as idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity. As bioactivation of most drugs involves phase I oxidation, UV-induced TiO 2 photocatalytic oxidation (UV/TiO 2 -PCO)...

There have been more than 500,000 opioid overdose deaths since 2000. To analyze the opioid epidemic, a model is constructed where individuals choose whether to use opioids recreationally, knowing the probabilities of addiction and dying. These odds are functions of recreational opioid usage....

We study the moral hazard effects of the drug copayment threshold in Finland using detailed prescription drug purchase data. The analysis reveals that the average drug costs increase discontinuously by 17% at the threshold above which out-of-pocket drug costs decrease substantially. Our results...

We study the moral hazard effects of the drug copayment threshold in Finland using detailed prescription drug purchase data. The analysis reveals that the average drug costs increase discontinuously by 17% at the threshold above which out-of-pocket drug costs decrease substantially. Our results...