"The wealth of the Central European archives, particularly in urban records, has perhaps not been fully realised by western European historians. However, these records are not always straightforward to use and these studies also tackle the methodological problems inherent in gathering and...

In medieval Europe, old coins were frequently declared invalid and exchanged for new ones at fixed rates and dates. Here, the question of whether and when such re-coinage was applied in medieval Sweden is analyzed against the historical record. A theory of how short-lived coinage systems work is...