model in which markup ratios correspond to the prices of differentiated intermediate inputs relative to the price of … reduces the relative price of intermediates and thereby mimics the output effects from an increase in competition. In an open … economy, domestic output is stimulated by reductions in the relative price of foreign intermediates and, therefore, by …

model in which markup ratios correspond to the prices of differentiated intermediate inputs relative to the price of … reduces the relative price of intermediates and thereby mimics the output effects from an increase in competition. In an open … economy, domestic output is stimulated by reductions in the relative price of foreign intermediates and, therefore, by …

Price inflation in the euro area has been stable and low since the Global Financial Crisis, despite notable changes in … countries and, by linking these markup developments to the evolution of sectoral level producer and consumer price inflation, we …