Showing 1 - 10 of 249
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10000867265
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003954961
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003576347
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008656330
Re-coinage implies that old coins are declared invalid and exchanged for new ones at fixed exchange rates and dates. Empirical evidence shows that re-coinage could occur as often as twice a year within a currency area in the Middle Ages. The exchange fee at re-coinage worked as a monetary tax...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009702273
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009718400
Although the leaf-thin bracteates are the most fragile coins in monetary history, they were the main coin type for almost two centuries in large parts of medieval Europe. The usefulness of the bracteates can be linked to the contemporary monetary taxation policy. Medieval coins were frequently...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009793768
In medieval Europe, old coins were frequently declared invalid and exchanged for new ones at fixed rates and dates. Here, the question of whether and when such re-coinage was applied in medieval Sweden is analyzed against the historical record. A theory of how short-lived coinage systems work is...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010403648
Firms and governments spend billions of dollars on R&D every year. To increase social welfare, the results of R&D must be commercialized so that consumers can benefit from improved products and lower prices. One measure of R&D output is patents; however, most patent databases contain no...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010502667
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008759952