This paper analyses determinants of trade among Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) negotiating countries with focus on the border effect. An extended gravity model has been fitted to RCEP trade data. The empirical findings are generally consistent with the theory. We find...

We investigate trade integration between members of the EU, NAFTA and Mercosur. The paper evaluates the ease of access to each of those markets from each other based on a benchmark consisting of trade within countries. This methodology, often labelled border effects, furnishes a new tool for the...

This paper intends to combine two fields in the economic literature by examining empirically the FDI pattern – horizontal versus vertical – within the European Union and the relevance of trade integration as a potential determinant of investment flows over the period 1995-2009. We capture...