This article aims at analysing the significance of the intra-industry trade in the Polish foreign trade in agri-food products and assessment of the competitiveness of the Polish food sector on this basis. The analysis uses, first of all, the index introduced by Grubel and Lloyd (hereinafter...

Liberalization of 1991 is a major turning point in the history of post-independence India. Overall both exports and imports of goods have grown from 1991 to 2012, though imports have grown more than exports over the same time period resulting in widening of trade deficit. However the surplus...

In March 2014, Russia’s foreign trade turnover calculated on the basis of methods of the balance of payments amounted to $74bn which is 1.1% higher than the 2013 index. However, in general in the 1st quarter of 2014 the last year’s trend of reduction of the Russian foreign trade turnover...

Staff Discussion Notes showcase the latest policy-related analysis and research being developed by individual IMF staff and are published to elicit comment and to further debate. These papers are generally brief and written in nontechnical language, and so are aimed at a broad audience...

Assessments of exchange rate misalignments and external imbalances for low-income countries are challenging because methodologies developed for advanced and emerging economies cannot be automatically applied to poorer nations. This paper uses a large database, unique in the set of indicators and...

The sustainable growth of economic competitiveness as a whole and of industry, in particular, is of paramount importance for Romania. A look at the literature reveals that although there is no consensus in defining and measuring competitiveness, many studies focus on competitiveness i) in a...

In March 2013, a decrease in prices on the main commodities of the Russian export and slow-down of growth in the solvent demand as compared to March 2013 resulted in a reduction of the main indices of the Russian foreign trade. The Customs Union states have started to use more often the...

Until recently the Russian economy was one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The economic growth brought an improvement in the standard of living of the average Russian citizen and also brought an economic stability that Russia had not experienced in at least a decade. This strong...

The purpose of the current paper is to highlight possible engines that can boost Romanian foreign trade from a chronic deficit to a more balanced one. In the beginning, the main theories and models that tackle this subject will be presented. In this respect, the paper starts with Smith, Ricardo,...

English SummarySluggish International Business Climate A Test for the Central and Eastern European Countries' Endurance The Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) were able to maintain in 2001 and 2002 a growth rate significantly above that of the EU 15. The more developed group of CEECs...