The report, a joint effort by the Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank, seeks to provide the Ecuadorian authorities with a comprehensive account of both institutions' diagnoses and recommendations in the area of fiscal management and public expenditure. This report consists of two...

The report, a joint effort by the Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank, seeks to provide the Ecuadorian authorities with a comprehensive account of both institutions' diagnoses and recommendations in the area of fiscal management and public expenditure. This report consists of two...

Digitization promises to reshape fiscal policy by transforming how governments collect, process, share, and act on information. More and higher-quality information can improve not only policy design for tax and spending, but also systems for their management, including tax administration and...

Frontmatter -- PREFACE -- CONTENTS -- TABLES -- PART ONE. -- CHAPTER I. SUMMARY AND EVALUATION -- PART TWO. -- CHAPTER II. THE SETTING AND STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMY -- CHAPTER III. GENERAL ASPECTS OF GOVERNMENT FINANCE -- CHAPTER IV. GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS -- CHAPTER V. GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES --...

Development finance is at a turning point, as the macroeconomic environment has changed profoundly and the financing gap for low- and middle-income countries has widened. The events that led to this new situation are the multiple crises that the global economy is facing, such as the climate...

Intro -- CONTENTS -- Abstract -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Executive Summary -- Fiscal Policy Faces Historical and Structural Constraints -- Fiscal Trends and Challenges -- Pro-Poor Expenditure and the Room for Additional Fiscal Space -- Public Expenditure Management (PEM)...

Digitization promises to reshape fiscal policy by transforming how governments collect, process, share, and act on information. More and higher-quality information can improve not only policy design for tax and spending, but also systems for their management, including tax administration and...

Fiscal crises are a central theme in the recent history of many emerging economies, as they are more vulnerable to budget distress than developed countries. From 1970 to 2015, emerging markets experienced more than twice as many fiscal crises as their wealthier counterparts (Gerling et al. 2017,...