Economists have shown that international trade increases economic growth, with trade liberalization and integration having characterized the last 50 years. While trade can increase national welfare, recent estimates from both developed and developing countries show that labor market adjustment...

What caused the 'neoliberal turn' in international trade law and how exactly this event manifested itself in the medium of international legal practices is not a question that lends itself to simple resolutions. What I wish to do in these pages, consequently, is offer a few general theses which...

We provide a synthesis of the theoretical models that study the use of escape clauses, also known as safeguards, in multilateral and preferential trade agreements. We consider models that explain this type of flexibility based on economic efficiency, political economy shocks, and...