We apply a panel vector autoregressive model (PVAR) to assess the relationship between renewable energy, coal, oil and natural gas consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, crude oil prices, and economic growth. The sample contains 15 countries from 1990 to 2019. Granger causality tests demonstrate...

At the heart of the post-COP26 era and the European Green deal lies the underlying goals in Europe targeting climate neutrality and zero pollution through tourism developments and promotion of economic well-being of regions. This study empirically investigates the dynamic linkages among tourism...

The increased concerns about climate change have made renewable energy sources an important topic of research. Several scholars have applied different methodologies to examine the relationships between energy consumption and economic growth of individual and groups of countries and to analyze...