This article provides a review of literature on African Agency and the drivers of change within EU–African trade politics in negotiations on Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and African governments.

The parliamentary elections of October 2007, the first free Togolese elections since decades, were meant to correct at least partially the rigged presidential elections of 2005. Western donors considered it as a litmus test of despotic African regimes' propensity to change towards...

This paper examines the relationship between foreign aid and income per capita using a simple augmentation of the neoclassical cross-country specification for Western Africa states. The study disaggregated aid into seven categories (agriculture, communication, industrial, engineering, education,...

Since his election in 2017, President Emmanuel Macron has tried to distance himself from established and widely criticised patterns of France's Africa policy. He diversified relations with Africa in regional and substantive terms, integrated non-state actors and cultivated a comparatively open...