a special emphasis on the first year of the euro. A contribution is made as to how to measure these roles, both for … identification of changes in the role of the euro during 1999 compared to the aggregate of euro predecessor currencies, net of intra … -euro area assets/liabilities, before stage 3 of EMU. A number of key factors determining the currency distribution of …

widely expected that the euro will become an important international currency. This paper suggests simple methods how to … quantify the effects that EMU may exert on the roles of the dollar and the yen as the other major international currencies …. Estimates presented indicate that the euro may indeed lead to a significant decline in the market share of the dollar as an …

widely expected that the euro will become an important international currency. This paper suggests simple methods of how to … quantify the effects that EMU may exert on the roles of the dollar and the yen as the other major international currencies …. Estimates presented indicate that the euro may indeed lead to a significant decline in the market share of the dollar as an …