expressive crime. Delinquents are motivated to perform the illegal action because it transmits a signal. If the punishment … associated with the crime affects the value of this signal positively, an increase in punishment may serve as defiance, and not … an increase in law violations after an increase in available punishment. This claim is discussed with reference to …

norms are vague. Importantly, we find that punishment patterns in the first experiment closely follow these norm perceptions … different methodologies (a behavioral experiment and a vignette experiment in Study 1, as well as a norm elicitation experiment …-nudges affect punishment behavior, and how enforcement links to norm perceptions. Using a representative sample of U.S. participants …

mechanism for effective deterrence is the swiftness of punishment. We carry out the first controlled economic experiment to …Reducing criminal acts in society is a crucial duty of governments. Establishing punishment structures to attain this … of punishment as effective deterrents of criminal behavior. One more cost effective, but scientifically understudied …

of fines on punishment and deterrence. Partial effects are effects on potential violators' and punishers' decisions when … punish, which in turn reduces the deterrence effect of high fines. Using a laboratory experiment, we identify these effects … hypotheses derived from the theory. …

This paper studies how the swiftness and delay of punishment affect behavior. Using rich administrative data from … beliefs, as reflected in our survey. Yet, we document large mechanical benefits of swift punishment and provide a theoretical …

large-scale experiment with a heterogeneous population sample from Germany. The majority of experimental participants …