During the Soviet Virgin Lands Campaign, approximately 23 million hectares (Mha) of Eurasian steppe grassland were converted into cropland in Northern Kazakhstan from 1954 to 1963. As a result Kazakhstan became an important breadbasket of the former Soviet Union. However, the collapse of the...

"The Russian Workers' Opposition in 1919-21 advocated trade union management of the Soviet economy and worker dominance of the Russian Communist Party's leading bodies. The Workers' Opposition in the Russian Communist Party: Documents, 1919-30 comprises articles, speeches, theses, memoranda,...

Noch in der späten Zarenzeit entwickelte sich Russland dank des Aufbaus einer modernen Erdölindustrie im Kaukasus zu einem der weltweit führenden Ölproduzenten und hat diese Stellung in der Sowjetzeit noch ausgebaut. Die Industrialisierung und der Aufstieg des Landes zur Weltmacht waren...