The aim of this paper is to study the effects of both inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on productivity. The main novelty is the analysis of the spillover effects of outward FDI that may occur outside the investing firms on the rest of the home country. The effects are addressed...

In this paper, the application of two different unobserved factor models to a data set from Estonia is presented. The small-scale state-space model used by Stock and Watson (1991) and the large-scale static principal components model used by Stock and Watson (2002) are employed to derive common...

This paper shows that fewer firms enter after a contractionary liquidity shock and that firm entry reacts quicker to liquidity than the economic activity indicator. The results are obtained by using Estonian data for the period 1995M1–2006M7. Various structural VAR and VECM models are...

This paper presents estimates of the employment and welfare effects of personal labour income taxation in Estonia. The labour supply decision of individuals is estimated based on data from the 2005 Estonian Labour Force Survey. Economic incentives are found to affect the participation decisions...

This paper describes the first version of Eesti Pank's structural macro-econometric model EMMA. EMMA belongs to the second generation of macro models, with Neo-Classical supply determined long run properties and Keynesian demand driven short run adjustment. The model has been designed for...

The goal of this paper was to analyse empirically the importance of different determinants of Estonian export and compare the results with Latvia and Lithuania. For a theoretical model, the imperfect substitutes model was chosen. For empirical estimation Estonian nominal export was disaggregated...

This paper discusses the prospects of the new EU members from Central and Eastern Europe joining the European Economic and Monetary Union in the short and medium term. The countries must attain and sustain inflation rates sufficiently low to abide by the Maastricht inflation criterion, but this...

The objective of model-building was an inflation model suitable for prognosis as well as for simulation. The model serves two purposes. First of all, it is a tool for analysing inflation. Secondly, it is part of the model of Estonian economy, which completes the adjustment loop of the...

The paper presents empirical estimations of the equilibrium exchange rate of the Estonian kroon. The behavioural equilibrium exchange rate (BEER) approach is used to analyse the dynamics of the real effective exchange rate in the time period from 1995 to 2002. The estimates range from a 15%...

This paper compares the prevalence and determinants of unreported employment in the three Baltic States in 1998 and 2002 using a hitherto little used dataset. The prevalence of unreported employment varies substantially across the three countries and across the two sampling years....