The objective of this paper is to explore the interplay between schooling and demographics in Brazil. We would like to provide a preliminary answer to the question of how long will improvements in schooling of younger cohorts take o change the distribution of educational endowments of the total...

This paper calculates effective tariffs by industrial sector for Brazil from 2000 to 2015. Effective tariff differs from nominal tariff in that it takes into consideration the protection given to industrial inputs so that a sector whose products are protected by high tariffs may also be burdened...

Maternity, paternity and parental leaves, as well as policies to support breastfeeding in the workplace, such as breastfeeding breaks and rooms, are a fundamental part of comprehensive social protection systems and early childhood development strategies. The study at hand compares current leave...

This paper seeks to estimate the distributive impact of the taxes and other fiscal contributions that finance social security in Brazil. Making a certain number of strong hypotheses relative to the fiscal incidence of social security financing, we compute a measure of incidence that aggregates...

The objective of this paper is to propose a universal child grant for Brazil. We will discuss the rationality behind the proposal, how best to design it, its initial operational set-up,its costs, and some of its distributive aspects. The proposed allowance is based on the unification of the...

In this text we attempt to track the main changes in the block of questions that pertains to education in the Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD). We discuss the evolution of the questions and their flow, as well as point out small changes in the measured results in the 1988,...

This paper reviews the debate about the impacts of commercial liberalization on labor markets in Brazil. It briefly presents the main theoretical issues involved in the debate, identifies the main facts observed in the 1990/99 period, raises what we consider to be the main questions and the...

The increase in inequality over the last few decades in most of the world has been a constant source of concern for policymakers and analysts. Inequality can hinder economic growth, reduce well-being and increase poverty. It also fuels social unrest and reduces social cohesion. Great attention...