Although not explicitly reported, option traders on the Bovespa exchange pay an implicit bid-ask spread on each trade. Reported transaction prices that comprise the databases previously used to study the Brazilian options markets do not reflect actual option values at the time of the trades, but...

This work seeks to analyze empirically the coherence of the VaR and the Expected Shortfall by the definition of Artzner et al. (1997) at the Brazilian Stock Market (Bovespa), calculated with three methodologies: the historical simulation, the analytical approach with EWMA volatility from...

This paper examines models of capital requirement determination for financial institutions in order to cover market risk stemming from exposure to foreign currencies and gold. The models examined belong to two groups according to the approach involved: standardized and internal models. In the...

This paper analyses four methods of calculating capital requirements for coverage of market risk generated by exposure in stocks and their derivatives, except options. For simulation purposes, two theoretical portfolios were created with some assets that compose Ibovespa. The methods evaluated...

In their article Stock Issues and Investment Policy When Firms Have Information That Investors Do not Have, Myers and Majluf(1981) show that there exist situations where positive net present value projects may be passed up if they have to be financed externally. It is shown here that if projects...