This is the eighth in a series of lectures in memory of Richard Snape. With Richard's own interests and high standards in mind, the lecture series elicits contributions on important public policy issues from internationally recognised figures, in a form that is accessible to a wide audience.Dr...

This paper is about how East Asia should respond to the challenges of the external environment. The first challenge is the current slowdown in trade, which has been due to cyclical and structural factors such as the decline in productivity and the maturation of global value chains. The rise in...

Trade has been a means to development by generating jobs, spurring economic growth, and reducing poverty. However, the gains from trade have shown to be less than equally distributed, hurting at times some localities and segments of countries’ populations. The COVID-19 pandemic has also shown...

Developing economies have to balance globalisation’s benefits and costs. Increased competition can lead to better distribution and productivity but benefits are not shared equally because some sectors or regions grow faster than others. In Southeast Asia, rapid economic growth has reduced...