This policy paper aims to contribute to understanding the recent debate on fair cost sharing between Big Techs and European telecommunication operators who offer complementary services: content and access to the Internet. We take stock from recent economic literature and empirical evidences to...

This paper deals with competition in communications markets between an incumbent and an entrant. We analyze the effect of bundling strategy by a firm who enters an incumbent market. This market dimension has profound implications on the sustainability of collusion in an infinitely repeated game...

We analyze the economic consequences of financing with utility tokens that give access to consumption utility and are traded on a secondary market. Projects can be financed by selling equity or tokens. In a baseline analysis, efficient projects prefer equity, while inefficient projects prefer...