We analyze an oligopoly model in which differentiated criminal organizations globally compete on criminal activities … and engage in local corruption to avoid punishment. When law enforcers are sufficiently well-paid, difficult to bribe and … corruption detection highly probable, we show that increasing policing or sanctions effectively deters crime. However, when …

enforcers - on sequential, bilateral, illegal transactions, such as corruption, manager-auditor collusion, or drug deals. It is …

itself, which performs an anti-corruption task - with the payment of illegal contributions, and provide general conditions …