Purpose: This work is initiated under the premise that reliable evaluation methods are necessary to ensure investments in energy conservation, and the purpose of this paper is to contribute to that literature. It describes some pilot changes and their impact in an actual field study oriented...

We know that corruption also exists in developed democracies that are usually regarded as virtually free of corruption. I argue that corruption research concerning these countries is somewhat limited about a) danger zones for corruption and b) how institutional mechanisms that promote or check...

Existing case studies of efforts to control political corruption typically lack a theoretical framework that can provide for systematic empirical research and comparisons between cases and countries. This makes it difficult to assess what combination of preventive and punitive measures that are...

Sexual selection and species recognition both play important roles in mate choice. Typically, females use the relative expression of male sexual traits to select high-quality or attractive mates (sexual selection) of the same species (species recognition). However, when the variation in male...

A district-heating network acts like a heat-storage device. This means that the heat load at the district-heating plant is determined not soley by the substations' heat demand. In the model used, the flow demands and return temperatures of two-stage substations are calculated for ideal static...

Carotenoid-based plumage ornaments are typically considered to be sexually selected traits, functioning as honest condition-dependent signals of phenotypic quality, but few studies have addressed the function of carotenoid color variation in male contest competition. Using two experiments, we...