the exogenous forces (technological progress and demographic growth) of the neoclassical theory. In the analysis of such …

Production often causes pollution as a by-product. Once pollution problems become too severe, regulation is introduced … and decline of pollution can be explained by policyinduced technology shifts. …

Production often causes pollution as a by-product. Once pollution problems become too severe, regulation is introduced … claim that the rise and decline of pollution can be explained by policy-induced technology shifts …

potential explanation of an N-shaped pollution-income relation. Finally, it is shown that the model is compatible with most …