that deregulation accounted for one-third of the decline in drivers' wages, with a larger negative effect for non … intensification. Union membership remains an important determinant of wages, with members earning 18% to 21% more than their non …-union counterparts. The authors conclude that the primary sources of wage decline and increased wage inequality have been deregulation …

rail wages had a stable, deterministic relationship prior to deregulation. After deregulation, however, the mean trucking … deregulation's negative impact on trucking wages was non-discrete and occurred primarily between 1980 and 1984 …Using time series techniques, we contrast the impact of deregulation in trucking and rail labor markets. During …