diffusion and total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the South, focusing on LAC and East Asia over the 32 years before the …, and falls with distance to the North; ii) an increase of LAC's ETG to East Asia's levels raises TFP by 165%, fully … accounting for its TFP gap with East Asia; iii) the impact of the education gap equals the sum of the governance and openness …

appreciation because of differential productivity growth between tradable and nontradable sectors) using data of the APEC economies … Kong and Singapore grew fast, their real exchange rates appreciated only moderately. High productivity growth in service …