We examine the long transition from water to steam power in US manufacturing, focusing on early users of mechanical … powered entrants and agglomeration, as water powered incumbents faced switching barriers primarily from sunk costs. Estimating … exit, switching barriers remained influential for aggregate steam adoption throughout the 19th century, as water power …

A large potential is available in the small hydropower schemes. There is a necessity to harness this potential to meet …, sufficient attention was not paid to low head hydropower schemes due to higher cost. Now, to fill the gap between demand and …

Hydropower constitutes the most significant proportion of renewable energy consumption in China. This study mainly … aimed to examine the effects of hydropower use on carbon dioxide emission intensity, the uses of fossil energies, and the … period of 1965 to 2016. Results show that the uses of hydropower, coal and oil, and dioxide emissions and real GDP were …