This chapter offers a framework to analyse the impact of EU membership on economic ("means"), institutional ("ways") and social ("ends") convergence of EU11 countries to the frontier. It identifies the channels through which this impact works: trade, investment, finance, migration and...

Almost all non-EU CESEE countries have converged with Western Europe over the past three decades. However, the pace of convergence has been mixed. For non-EU CESEE countries as a whole, convergence has generally developed at a slower pace than for EU member states in the region.Econometrically,...

The paper investigates the non-performing loans (NPLs) in Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe (CESEE) in the period of 1998–2011. The paper finds that the level of NPLs can be attributed to both macroeconomic conditions and banks’ specific factors, though the latter set of factors was...