This article considers the work of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and its overlaps with refugee law and practice. It focuses on ICC complementarity determinations. These involve the organs of the ICC considering whether a state is willing and able to prosecute individuals accused of...

This paper argues that Thomas Tooke's (1773-1858) most important legacy to economics is not his conception of quot;endogenous moneyquot;, however important, but is instead his original proposition that the long-run quot;averagequot; rate of interest entered into the normal cost of production...

This paper uses administrative tax data to estimate top wealth in the United States. We assemble new data that links people to their sources of capital income and develop new methods to estimate the degree of return heterogeneity within asset classes. Disaggregated fixed income data reveal that...

This paper studies the coevolution of the fall in the US corporate sector labor share and the rise of business activity in tax-preferred, pass-through form. Reallocating activity to the form it would have taken prior to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 accounts for one third of the decline in the...

We use administrative data on the population of corporations to investigate the distortion of corporate taxes on private firms, which account for 99% of all corporations. In response to a 9% increase in corporate tax rates, firms decrease income by 8.9%--5.5% due to reporting differences (e.g.,...

Have the idle rich replaced the working rich at the top of the U.S. income distribution? Using tax data linking 11 million firms to their owners, this paper finds that entrepreneurs who actively manage their firms are key for top income inequality. Most top income is non-wage income, a primary...

How important is human capital at the top of the U.S. income distribution? A primary source of top income is private “pass-through” business profit, which can include entrepreneurial labor income for tax reasons. This paper asks whether top pass-through profit mostly reflects human capital,...