From early independence, the Indonesian state emphasized the building of a strong nation. This republican integrationism worked for the most part; where it did not, as in Aceh and Papua provinces, resistance was repressed harshly. Since 1998, however, Indonesia has adopted a more...

Why in some cases do we observe an increase in ethnic violence following a democratic transition, while in others violence dissipates? We argue that a crucial intervening variable that is often ignored in ethnic conflict studies is the nature and number of organizations that purport to represent...