Schon jetzt sind die sechs Westbalkanländer (WB6) politisch eng mit der EU verbunden. Doch seit Beginn des russischen Angriffskriegs auf die Ukraine rückt nun auch die Frage einer Annäherung der WB6 an die Gemeinsame Außen- und Sicherheitspolitik (GASP) stärker in den Fokus. Die EU sollte...

Migration and Labour Mobility The willingness to migrate in search of employment is in itself insufficient to compel anyone to move. The dynamics of labour mobility are heavily influenced by the opportunities perceived and the imaginaries held by both employers and regulating authorities in...

We analyse the profile of potential emigrants from Albania using data from the Central and Eastern Europe Eurobarometer in 1992. Respondents were asked to rate on a four-point scale the likelihood that they would go to Western Europe to live and work. Our results show that the intention to...

This note reports the results of field surveys of individuals and firms in Albania, carried out during 1998. The surveys were designed to analyse the extent of emigration from Albania during the 1990s and its causes and consequences. Our results show that emigrants are motivated mainly by the...

This report is one of a series of reports produced by Business & Finance Consulting GmbH (BFC) for European Investment Bank (EIB) as part of the project “Assessment of financing needs of SMEs in Western Balkans countries.” The series of reports includes individual reports on Albania, Bosnia...

The most dramatic recent immigration in Europe is the influx of more than 700,000 Albanians, about a quarter of the total Albanian workforce, in the 1990s. The vast majority migrated illegally. This paper analyses the detfirminants of Albanian migration based on a unique representative survey of...

The combination of transition and globalization since the early 1990s has caused dramatic changes in supply chains globally. This paper uses survey evidence from several Eastern European countries (Albania, Bulgaria, Poland, Slovakia, Romania and Russia) on how these forces affect the dairy...

Food security is a complex and multi-dimensional phenomenon. As such, its measurement may entail and benefit from the combination of both ‘qualitative-subjective’ and ‘quantitative-objective’ indicators. Yet, the evidence on the external validity of subjectivetype information is scarce,...