applies it to Japan. Using firm-level financial statement data, it estimates total factor productivity (TFP) of individual …

This paper examines the cost of deflation in the context of Japan''s ongoing deflationary episode. The impact of …

-structure relationship is also weakened by the Bank of Japan''s use of interest rate smoothing …

expectations using asset price data for Japan over the 1980s and 1990s …

over the next 80 years for Japan, the United States, other industrial countries, and the developing regions of the world …

This paper examines the role of Japan against that of China in the exchange rate regime in East Asia in light of … generate higher average welfare gains for East Asian countries than currency unions with Japan or the United States. Overall …, Japan does not appear to be a dominant player in forming a currency union in East Asia, and this trend is likely to continue …

Fiscal policy has been strongly expansionary for most of the past decade in Japan. The resulting strain on public … structural reform and deregulation in Japan …

This Selected Issues paper examines the factors behind the recent surge in capital flows in Japan. The paper presents …

This 2004 Article IV Consultation highlights that Japan’s economic recovery continued in 2003 and into the first part …

public financial sector in Japan. The stability of the financial sector is also assessed …