This paper analyzes the capital markets and financial intermediation in the Baltic States. It provides a comprehensive overview of the structure and level of development of the financial system, discussing some of the unique characteristics of the Baltics, such as leasing; and comparing the...

This paper analyzes competitiveness in the Baltics in the run-up to European Union accession. Several factors appear to have driven movements in equilibrium real exchange rates in the Baltics since the start of the transition process. In the earlier years of transition, price liberalization,...

Large current account imbalances have been recorded in the Baltics, Russia, and other countries of the former Soviet Union since their independence. Are these current account positions sustainable, reflecting the special circumstances of transition, or are the positions untenable over the longer...

Intense competition for raw material, changing consumer demand and internationalisation are potent forces shaping the global dairy industry today. The creation of strategic alliances to penetrate product or regional markets is a growing phenomenon, raising important questions with respect to...

The Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania - have made impressive progress since the early 1990s. They have now almost completed their preparations for accession to the EU. Most elements of labour market and social policy have been thoroughly reformed over the past decade

Low incomes and high unemployment in rural areas are issues of concern to policy makers in all countries. With the ongoing structural adjustment in primary agriculture employment opportunities are diminishing, while off-farm employment in rural areas is growing, albeit gradually

Modernisation of service industries and the expansion of international trade have been important elements of the reform process in the Baltic States, aimed at establishing a business-friendly and pro-competitive environment for services in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

In just over a decade after independence, the three Baltic countries, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, have transformed themselves into fully functioning, small open-market economies that will be joining the European Union. Capital Markets and Financial Intermediation in The Baltics analyzes the...