to determine the (perceived) risk in the face of which oil and mining firms determine their level of investment in … investigate the macroeconomic effects of institutional quality on the oil and mining sector separately from those on the rest of …

recognition of certain assets and their depreciation. The author’s research established that depreciation write-off in financial … terms constitute capital comprising two components: depreciation and the tax shield effect. The non-tax shield is more … depreciated for the purposes of balance sheet accounting and tax accounting. As a cost depreciation, on the one hand, reduces the …